While genomic methods are gaining importance across pathology, especially in infection sciences and tissue sciences, the application of routine staining methods continues to complement 21st-century technology. The following papers include the use of Christian Gram’s eponymous method or that named after two German doctors, the bacteriologist Franz Ziehl and pathologist Friedrich Neelsen.
Intraoperative Gram staining of bile for the prevention of infectious complications in pancreaticoduodenectomy
Hinojosa Arco LC, Roldán de la Rua JF, Carranque Chaves GÁ, Mora Navas L, de Luna Díaz R, Suárez Muñoz MÁ. Cir Esp (Engl Ed) 2021 Jun 18: S0009-739X(21)00181-0. doi: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2021.05.004. Online ahead of print.
Infectious complications play a prominent role in pancreaticoduodenectomy. Their incidence increases in cases with preoperative biliary drainage (PBD), due to the higher risk of bacterobilia. The aim of this study is to evaluate an antibiotherapy protocol based on intraoperative Gram staining of bile and its impact on postoperative infectious complications.
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